Shock absorber



May 9, 1933- R` HElzMANN 1,908,349

SHOCK ABSORBER Filed June 25, 1930 FIQI. I l ngz TORNEYS.

Patented May 9, 1933 RAYMOND HEIzMANmoF READING, PENNSYLVANIA l SHOCK ABsoRBnn f Application filed .Tune'26,`

rIhis invention relates to fluid checking devices or shock absorbers, and it hasmore particular reference to the type intended for r v use on automobiles to supplement and con- 5- trol therebound action of the customary leaf springs intermediate such vehicle chassis and the wheel axles. t Y' The primary object of this invention 1s to provide an improved shock absorber charactei-ized by the use of a semi-solid carbonaceous l-ubricative element as the checking medium, thereby eliminating the disadvantages inherent to freezing,`thickening,and changing of the fiow common to the generality of 'u known flu-id shook absorbers'. p a Another object is to provide a shock absorberin which the checking medium is permitted appreciable` How past the movable component or components andv a resistive stationary or adjustable element or elements to thereby betterk accommodate the variable demands of service.

A further object isv to provide a shock absorber of simple construction which is devoid of packings or glands intermediateithe rotativeand stator components, withconseq uental 'elimination ofleakage loss of the checking element. v a i l Y t g With the, abovefstated and other `objects kin view, the nature andadvantages of my invention will be better understood whenthe following detailed explanation is read in conjunction with the accompanying drawing;

saidinvention residing i-.n thenovel construction, combinations and. arrangement of parts,

aswell as the involvedmethod of shocks, hereinafter;l claimed.

Inthe drawing:` l. i Fig. I is aside elevation illustrative ofone adaptation of` my inventionto the frame and runninggear of ant automotive vehicle.

Fig. II is an enlarged vertical section, taken on the plane designated Il-#II inthe preceding view. t 1

Fig. III is a section, taken as indicated by the arrows III-, III'i'ne Fig. II.

Fig. IV is anendviewof a modified form .of the invention.. t Y

V isv a vertical.

absorbing section', ytaken onthe 11930. serial No. 463,886.1-7',

plane designated the preceding Y View; and,

Fig; vi is a, 1an-,rai Seesen cnaf-[plate VI-VI of -'Fig. `V. i

Referring more in` *detail` firstly tofFigs. f

IIII ofthe drawing, my improvedrebouii'd checkingdevice orv shock absorber Ycomprises two main components,comprehensively designated 1 and 2, respectively the former-1,

of which will yhereinafter be referred tA as:l

the stator, and the latter 2, as the rotor.v4 The stator 1, it will be remarked, is inthe nati're 5, through the medium` of which the device is attached to the lchassis orvunder. frame 6,

of an automotive vehicle, as by" screws 7.

Formedl integrally withinthe stator-"1 areJ 'a series of radially diectedfbaiiles 8 of taper- 1 ingcross-section, as best appreciatedlvfrom Fig; III; said baffles extending from the closed-in end 3 tothe open outerAend-ofthe startor 1.

threadedvat 9, for engagement with thevcorrespondingly formed outerwperipheral sur- `face 10 4of the stator 1; This feature of connecting the statorl and rotor Q by V'screw-"H threading eliminates ,all paclizingl media,

in; the rotor 2,;'a`s byr fastening means`11, is a spider 12, having a series of radial wings 113 radially located intermediate "thebafll'es S ofthe stator l; andlfunctional, assaid Urotor oscillates about its axis,lin conjunction fl with the baflles in displacing the semi- `solid checking-medium14, bywayof lthe byjoasses or; flow-clearances 15,16, respective- 4ly intervening the innerends of saidbaiies and the hub portion of the. spider 12, and* the outer ends of the wingsv 13 and inner sur- A Figs. II.v and: III.

lof a cup-shaped',cylindrical"member,tosthe y .closed-in' end 3 whereof there is secured, by appropriate fastening means 4,`a bracket 'arm "while affording a bearing surface not sus- ,ceptibleto disadvantageous wear and inca- .i'abie of disalignment.. f

"Appropriately secured`,concentrically withif `face of thestator 1, as well as between the y inner end of thel spider 12 and the statorlend esl (lo-ordination of the rotor 2 with the element subject to shocks, in the instance illustrated, a wheel axle 17 supported below the chassis or underframe 6 by leafl springs 18 in the conventionalinanner, is effected by ymeans of an arm 19 conveniently secured to said rotor by two of the fastening means 11 employed to ix the spider 12 Xin place. This arm 19 is articulated to the axle 17, Fig.

I, by a connecting rod20 andvsuitable lit- Y 'fitted with suitable baille units, for example l From thel foregoing it Will be clearly obvious that, if either form of the devicev be filled with some semi-solid shock-checking medium, such as impalpably fine dry graphite for example; and assuming that the normalposition of the rotor 2 and stator lare as illustrated in Figs. III and VI, upon movement of the rotor 2 clockwise or anticlockwise, there will ensue an appreciable llowor displacement of the dry graphite checking medium by way of the respective flow clearances 15, 16, of Fig. III, or the end clearance 26 of Fig. V, without 'any frictional restraint or leakage of said medium whatsoever from out of the device.

More specifically, the action of the device shown by Figs. IVgVI is as follows. When the screw studs 25 are withdrawn substantially from the sections 23, 24, therewill be but little or any checking action. On the other hand,should the screw studs 25 be fully inserted, or approximately as shown, -they function to practically neutralize or stop bumping action of the springs 18, as dry graphite possesses an inherent heavy checking action. With one of the studs 25 inserted in Veach section 25, and the others withdrawn, the action of the device is easy on hard vbumps or impacts; or with both studs in, as

,dry graphite checking medium 14 and its inherent frictionless resistive character, the general efficiency of the device is greatly enhanced. Furthermore, the shock absorb- "out limiting ithesame to shock absorbers of the particular type described, or enumerating equivalents, I reserve thek right to such adaptations or modifications thereof as are encompassed by'reasonable` interpretation accorded theV following claims. ff Having thus described'my invention I claim is i v Y 1. In a shock absorbing deviceemploying a semi-solid element las the checking medium,

what

a stator embodying baffle means, and a rotor in the form of an interengaged enclosing 'casing with baliies alternating that of the stator.

2. In a shock absorbing device employing a semi-solid dry element vas lthe checking medium, a stator embodying baille means, and a rotor in the form of an interengaged enclosing casing with adjustable baiiie means alternating that of the stator.

' A- 3. In a shock absorbing device employing a semi-solid dry element as the checking medium, a stator having 'integral `radial van'es, and a rotor in the form of an interengaged enclosingcasing with radial vaneS 6. In a shock absorbing device employing C.

a semi-solid dry elementi asl thel checking medium,a cupped stator with kintegral axially-merging radial baffles, a correspondingvly-shaped rotor threadedly-engaging and Cribo g Cilo izo closing in the stator, and a spider secured within the rotor having radial wings yalternating the stator baffles'.

7. In a shock absorbing device employing Y `a semi-solid dry element as the checking medium, a cupped statorV with integraln axially- Vmerging radial battles, a correspondinglyshaped rotor threadedly-engaging and closing in the stator, and a spider secured within the rotor having radial Wings alternating the stator baffles, said Wings and baliles terminating radially short of the stator inner Wall and the rotor hub with provision of flow clearances.

8. In a shock absorbing device for automotive vehicles employing a semi-solid dry element as the checking medium, a cupped stator With integral tapering-section radial baffles, a similarly-shaped rotor threadedlyengaging and closing in the stator, and a spider co-aXially Within the rotor embodying rectangular-section Wings alternating the stator bailies, the aforesaid bailles terminating radially short of the spider hub and the Wings similarly short of the stator inner surrounding and end Wallswith provision ofvappreciable flow clearances. Y

9. In a shook absorbing device for automotive vehicles employing a semi-solid dry element as the checking medium, a cupped stator with integral tapering-section radial baiiles, a similarly-shaped rotor threadedly engaging and closing in the stator, a spider co-axially Within the rotor embodying rectangular-section Wings alternating the stator baflies, theY aforesaid bailes terminating radially short of the spider hub and the Wings similarly short of the stator inner surrounding and end Walls With provision of appreciable flow clearances, means co-ordinating the rotor with a wheel axle or axles, and means for mounting they device on the vehicle underframe.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto signed my naine at Reading, Pennsylvania, this 13th day of June, 1930.

' RAYMOND HEIZMANN. 

